Natural regeneration of woody species (spruce, birch, rowan) in the bilberry spruce stand-clear-cut ecotone complex was studied during the first decade after logging. Limiting the clear-cuttings size leads to fragmentation of forest cover and the appearance of large areas of ecotone complexes, composed of forest (F), a transition from forest to the cut-over site under tree canopy (FE), a transition from forest to the cut-over site beyond tree canopy (CE), and the actual clear-cut site (C). Generalisations about ecotones should be avoided they will vary from ecotone to ecotone, and probably depend on the type of ecotone: anthropogenic, environmental, switch, etc.Bilberry spruce forests are the most widespread forest type in the European boreal zone. Saicity, but even this differed markedly between the two ecotones. Here, the clearest patterns were seen in trait mo We conclude that the features claimed for ecotones are often not present, and whether they are present is dependent on the components measured: species vs traits. However, examining mosaicity in terms of traits, there was a steady rise in Ecotone I and, in conformance with ecotone / functional trait theory, a clear peak in Ecotone II. Functional trait diversity decreased along the sequence from bog to forest, with no deviation in either ecotone. It has long been said that ecotones are mosaics, but species mosaicity was no higher in either ecotone than in the adjacent communities, in fact it was lower in Ecotone I. In contrast to theoretical predictions, species richness was not higher or lower in either ecotone, rather, both ecotones represented a transition in richness from one community to the other. Two ecotones were identified using moving-window analysis: Ecotone I was the transition from bog to edge forest, and Ecotone II was the transition from edge forest to tall climax forest. A bog-forest sequence in southern New Zealand was sampled with a grid of quadrats, and eight traits related to leaf function were measured on the 54 species found. Yet, surprisingly, the functional trait approach has not been applied to ecotones. Generalisations about ecotones should be avoided they will vary from ecotone to ecotone, and probably depend on the type of ecotone: anthropogenic, environmental, switch, etc.Įcotones have long been a focus of ecological research, and there is considerable current interest in functional traits in community ecology. Here, the clearest patterns were seen in trait mosaicity, but even this differed markedly between the two ecotones.
Ecotones have long been a focus of ecological research, and there is considerable current interest in functional traits in community ecology.
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